Pulmonology is a medical specialty focused on the health of the respiratory system, which includes the lungs, airways, and related structures. Pulmonologists are experts in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect breathing and lung function, ranging from common issues like asthma and bronchitis to serious diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis, and lung cancer.
These specialists use advanced diagnostic tools such as pulmonary function tests, chest imaging (X-ray, CT scan), bronchoscopy, and sleep studies to assess respiratory conditions. They provide both outpatient and inpatient care, often managing critically ill patients in intensive care units who require ventilatory support. Pulmonologists also play a key role in managing sleep-related breathing disorders such as sleep apnea.
Their comprehensive understanding of how the lungs interact with the heart and other organs allows them to treat complex, multi-system disorders effectively. Pulmonologists aim not only to treat but also to improve long-term lung health and quality of life for patients.
